MikroTik

is there a way to Speed test on the router like Ookla. Then I would know if the Internet is working properly or there's something internally not working right.

right now I have to take a laptop and plug it directly into the cable modem and do a check that way it's the only way I know.

Mikrotik's can use bandwidth test to each other, so if you have a 'tik in the datacenter you could test from CPE to DC using bandwidth test feature.

You can also use bandwidth test tool on desktop to test to local CPE and to DC separately to help determine which leg of the connection is bad.

You could probably get something like librespeedtest in a docker on the CPE if needed but unsure of its performance capabilities in that setup.

Sounds like something that's a little bit more complicated to set up rather than just a couple of clicks. Where would I find something about downloading something to a docker container?

See here: Openspeedtest on Docker on your router.
viewtopic.php?t=190891

As always:
don't use it to test the router itself.
Running this test does take away some resources so it will skew the results. ALways test thorugh a device, not using the device to be tested.
But you can use it to test all other internal connections in your network.